Oligonucleotides and nanoparticles are key drivers of next-generation therapies. Oligonucleotides hold promise for treating cancer, neurodegenerative, and genetic disorders, requiring advanced analytical techniques to ensure quality and efficacy. Nanoparticles enable targeted drug delivery, improve bioavailability, and reduce toxicity, with applications in oncology, vaccines, diagnostics, and gene therapy. This workshop provides an overview of modern analytical separative approaches essential for developing innovative biopharmaceuticals.